March
4, 2009
Dear
Superintendent Gustin,
We would like to schedule a follow-up meeting with you
and staff regarding winter access to Hurricane Ridge. Please examine the
attached documents summarized below:
I.
Excerpts from
Olympic National Park management documents.
Winter recreation is now and always has been a primary reason for
Olympic National Park’s existence.
II.
Importance of
Hurricane Ridge winter access.
III.
A historic
timeline of winter recreation before Hurricane
Ridge Parkway
IV.
A modern timeline
detailing decreased access, increased fees, and decreased visitation.
V.
Summary of
visitation statistics
VI.
An examination of
Olympic winter road operations
VII.
An overview of
winter opportunities, visitation, and plowing operations at other National
Parks and Federal land in the west.
VIII.
Questions arising
from earlier dialogue with Park personnel.
IX.
Petition
signatures
Management of the Hurricane Ride winter recreation
area has changed considerably over the last 20 years, with an overall trend of
decreased access opportunities.
Management decisions have been made in an ad hoc manner, primarily in
reaction to budget cuts.
It benefits the Park and winter recreation
stakeholders if decisions are made in the context of an overall vision not only
of Hurricane Ridge and Olympic National Park, but also winter recreation on a
regional level. The vision should
include awareness of trends in winter recreation; increased public input;
outreach to user groups and concessionaires; coordination and cooperation with
local, state, and regional agencies; increased understanding of the
requirements of winter visitors; increased outreach to volunteers; and
awareness of the impacts of winter visitation to the Olympic Peninsula tourism
industry.
Thank you for your continued attention to this
matter. Please contact Greg Halberg at
504-3654 or greghalberg@hotmail.com
to arrange a meeting at your convenience.
,
I.
Excerpts from Olympic
National Park management documents.
Access to winter recreation is a fundamental mission
of Olympic National Park.
·
The purpose of Olympic National Park is …to conserve and render available to the
people, for recreational use, this outstanding mountainous country, containing
numerous glaciers and perpetual snow fields.
·
The mission of Olympic National Park is to …provide for the enjoyment, education, and
inspiration of present and future generations.
·
Winter recreation
predates the creation of Olympic and was one of the primary reasons for
creating the Park in 1938. Rep. Mon C.
Wallgren of Everett, the author of the founding legislation was of the opinion
that the first addition to the park would be the Deer Park
·
The 1996 Olympic
National Park Statement for Management and other Park management
documents reaffirmed the importance and
significance of recreational values.
·
The 2008 General
Management plan states cross country and snowshoe use will be encouraged.
II. The importance of Hurricane Ridge winter access.
The reasons for maintaining
winter access are many and diverse.
1.
Hurricane Ridge
is an important regional recreational asset for the 5.6 million human powered
winter recreation visits in the western snow belt.
2.
Hurricane Ridge
winter access is an important draw for winter visits for the Olympic Peninsula
tourism industry. Current winter hotel
occupation rates are less than 35%.
Annual occupation rates are at 55%.
Increasing winter visits will stabilize tourism revenue.
3.
Hurricane Ridge
winter access is an important tool for recruitment of businesses and workers to
the area.
4.
Hurricane Ridge
winter access is an important tool for recruitment of retirees to the area, a
major part of the Peninsula economy.
5.
Hurricane Ridge
winter access is an important facility to encourage health and wellness for the
local population, providing important health care benefits and savings.
6.
Hurricane Ridge
winter access is an important educational asset for area youth to provide
opportunities for self-esteem enhancement, drug prevention, and team building
activities. Access also provides exposure
to real life science, including biology, meteorology, geology, and other sciences.
7.
Hurricane Ridge
winter access is an important cultural resource, with winter recreation
predating the creation of the National Park.
8.
Hurricane Ridge
winter access is an important asset for inspiration. Current management creates chronic
overcrowding and diminishes the opportunity for solitude and a wilderness
experience.
III. Historical time line of winter recreation.
Winter
recreation in the Olympics has a long historical precedent and predates the
creation of Olympic National Park.
Information
has been gathered from ONP press releases, ONP visitor statistics, Peninsula
Daily News articles, Seattle Times online archives, Tacoma Tribune, and
Alpenglow.net online archives dating to 1938. 1934 -1935
- Construction of the
- The Idaho Camp road is scheduled to open on
Saturday afternoons and Sundays.
- "According to unofficial word from
- The
1936-1937
- "Skiers should be
gladdened by news that there is three feet of snow on the ski runs at
- Improvments underway
include a "mile-long ski-way," widening the roadways, a
community center to accommodate at least 32 people overnight, a Boy Scout
council fireplace, and camp grounds.
- As many as 500 skiers in
one day
- 100 Seattle Mountaineers
visited. Parking was congested, a problem to be worked out as soon as
possible
- 2,500 skiers in winter
season
1937-1938
- Skiing at
- As many as 800 daily skiers,
including 150 Seattle Mountaineers.
- The Olympic Ski Club now
is the second largest organization in PNSA, with 230 members
- Ski expedition for
- The skiers were
enthusiastic about the ski terrain they crossed, but returned
"thoroughly convinced" of the need for huts along the way.
1938-1939
- Olympic Park Created. Does not include
- A ski tow has begun operation
for the first time at
- The area
includes practice slopes, "a downhill run of about one mile,"
and a class B jump (nearly completed). A 1000-foot rope tow pulls skiers
up 300 feet in elevation. The tow operates on Sundays and holidays. The
lodge facilities are detailed. Uphill traffic on the road is not allowed
after 2 p.m. and downhill travel starts at 3 p.m.
1940-Park expansion by Presidential
Proclamation includes Deer Park
1940’s -Crisler’s overwinter at Hurricane Hill, invite friends
for skiing.
1957 -Last year of Deer
Park
The construction of the Hurricane Ridge Lodge and
Parkway was intended to be an improvement for winter recreation. This vision was curtailed early by Park
officials. For a period access was
improved, and visitation rivaled any winter access point in the National Park
System. Recent trends are for decreased
access, increased fees, and decreased visitation.
1950’s
·
1952 Senator Henry M. Jackson
dedicated the new lodge on Hurricane Ridge.
When the
new road is open, the Hurricane Ridge lodge will operate for skiers in winter,
instead of Deer Park
·
"New Winter Playground for the Northwest" Skiing on
Hurricane Ridge is in its "Experimental Year" in 1957-58. The ski
area was opened in 1957 with completion of the "Heart-of-the-Hills"
road from Port Angeles
- Hurricane Ridge ran its tows for the first time
this season and attracted enough skiers to encourage a summertime
improvement program.
·
Assistant Superintendent's Report, July 24, 1959
"Report of Activities at Hurricane Ridge for the 1958-1959 Winter
Season"
- This report describes the second winter of
operation.
- Three rope tows in operation, a beginner and
intermediate tow just off the parking area, and a third on the north
slope, on the opposite side of Hurricane Ridge from the visitor center.
- Winter use at Hurricane Ridge is
"definitely local and probably does not contribute to the economy of
- The author feels that winter use at Hurricane
Ridge has been overemphasized. "From what we know now, we are going
to oppose any extension of winter used such as additional ski tows or new
slopes. We do not think it advisable to expand anything at the
Ridge."
1976 - "Jackson
- U.S. Senator Henry M.
Jackson says flat out he is in favor of a modern skiing facility in the
ridge area." This article (and previous ones) makes it clear that
Before 1992
- Open every day.
- May be closed weekdays at
gates 9, 12, or 14 miles from the top.
- Clallam Transit Bus takes
one trip up and one trip down and costs $5
- 1992 trial shuttle bus
run on Presidents Day, running every half hour
1992-93
- 12/31/92 Budget cuts mean
the road to won't be open as much this winter.
- The budget ax has all but
eliminated winter road-maintenance money.
- Road open Saturdays
through Mondays barring heavy storms.
- Tuesdays, Wednesdays, and
Thursdays if sufficient patrol and no plowing is needed
- While road maintenance
decreases, road use appears to be increasing.
- 2/11/92 Hoffman said the first bus will leave the
Olympic National Park Visitor Center at 9:30 a.m.
Buses will leave Heart O' the Hills, about six miles up the Hurricane
Ridge Road, every 30 minutes from 11 a.m. until 3:30 p.m. Parking will be
provided at a campground there.
- The Ridge sees 52,398 January through April
visits with 60 inches of snow at the snow stake.
1993-94
·
12/19/93 Road
open Sunday through Monday. Road crews will work each Friday to prepare for the
scheduled Saturday openings. On
Tuesdays, Wednesdays, and Thursdays the road will be open if sufficient patrol
personnel are available and no plowing or sanding is needed. With continuing budget shortfalls, staffing
for ridge plowing and patrol remains limited.
·
2/20/94 During
the heaviest snows of the season last week, three pieces of snow removal
equipment broke down, closing road over the holiday weekend.
·
Clallam Transit
Bus $8, one trip up and one down
·
4/94 70,366
visits, 84 inches of snow
1994-95
·
11/11/94 The Park
wants to put more emphasis on keeping the road open on Fridays and Mondays,
along with the usual Saturdays and Sundays during the ski season.
- 12/2/94 Maynes said the Park road crews started
their winter schedule a month early, working four 10 hour days to keep the
road open from 9 am to dusk Friday through Monday. The road will be open the rest of the
week if it can be done with minimal effort.
- $5 Entrance fee implemented for first time in
winter. The fee is good for 7 days,
although the road to Hurricane Ridge is only open on Saturdays and Sundays
and on weekdays when snow removal is not necessary.
·
The Sol Duc Road
·
Deer Park Road
·
1/25/95 Visitors
will wait at Heart o’ the Hills when parking lots are full. The road will be closed in that event, and
the only way to get to the ridge will be aboard the Hurricane Ridge Snow Bus. In the past Rangers stopped cars 14 miles up
the road, but that system created a long line of cars on icy spots and visitors
walk along the edge of the snow packed parking lot and children run across the
road to the tubing area.
·
Clallam Transit
Bus costs $8, runs up at 9 am and down at 4 pm.
·
55,776 visits,
113 inches of snow.
1995-96
- 2/26/1996 Hurricane Ridge
Road is open Fridays through Tuesdays "weather permitting."
Generally, park crews plow the road and open the gate at 9 a.m. Friday
through Tuesday. The road usually is closed Wednesdays and Thursdays.
During periods of heavy snow or avalanche danger, the road might not be
open on weekends.
·
No Clallam
Transit Bus.
·
Shuttle
reinstated on Feb 18, running every half hour.
Cost $3
- 48,893 visits, 62 inches
of snow.
1996-97
·
1/5/97 Hurricane
Ridge Road will be open from 9 a.m. to dusk, Fridays to Sundays, throughout the
winter season, barring heavy snows or winter storms. The road will also be open
Mondays to Wednesdays if no plowing or sanding is needed.
·
No Bus announced.
·
Shuttle
reinstated on an hourly schedule Jan 13- Feb 18. Cost $4
·
Entrance fee
increases to $10
·
54,351 visits,
135 inches of snow.
1997-98
•
Open and plowed
Fridays to Sundays.
•
Open Mondays,
Tuesdays, and Wednesdays conditionally.
•
Deer Park
•
Closure at gates
•
No Bus
•
53,210 visits
•
108 inches of
snow
1998-99
·
12/2/98 Hurricane
Ridge road open Fridays through Sundays, barring heavy snows.
·
Road may be
closed at Heart O' the Hills or at the tunnels.
It helps to have an alternate plan.
- 12/6/98 Ten to 12 foot drifts, over last half
mile of road, which are higher than any since 1981.
- 1/19/99 Blizzard causes evacuation in convoys.
- 5/3/99 Road open after record snowfall.
- 4/99 48,134 visits, 256+ inches of snow
1999-00
·
11/7/99 The
Hurricane Ridge Road in Olympic National Park will be closed 5 miles from the
top for the next two weeks to finish renovations to the Hurricane Ridge
Visitor Center
·
12/17/99 Park
officials look to keep the road open as much as possible this year.
·
Winter sports bus
leaves Vern Burton at 9 am and HR at 4 pm weekends.
·
Another road crew
will be available to open the road throughout the week as snowfall allows.
·
1/9/00 Avalanche
buries skier on “Sunrise
·
1/22/00 Hurricane
Ridge road has been open all week, with just a dusting of snow since Sunday,
when the snowpack measured 111 inches
·
2/22/00. There is no set time when the road is sure to
be open, but Fridays through Sundays are the snow removal crew’s biggest
priority. Weekdays are a hit and miss
situation.
·
3/7/00 Three
avalanches in a week bury 4, all unhurt.
- 58,311 visits, 111 inches of snow
2000-01
·
December 2000 PDA
created.
·
Search crews
rescue teen lost on ridge.
·
Bus $5, two trips
up 1 trip down
- 67,727 visits, 68 inches of snow.
2001-02
·
Road open
Thursdays-Sundays.
·
Ski area has best
year to date.
·
Bus leaves at 9 and 11:30 a.m. The
bus returns at 4:15 p.m. Cost is $5.
·
Entrance Fee
increases to $15
·
62,898 visits,
$5.52/ visitor 147 inches of snow.
2002-03
·
David Morris:
$347,000 for winter operations. $232,224 maintenance, $94,500 on law
enforcement, and $20,325 on education services.
·
11/20/02 Improved
and expanded bus service announced by PDA. Three buses to leave as often as 45
minutes. Park entrance fees are waived
for paying shuttle passengers, and a round trip will cost $5, the same as the
snow bus.
·
11/20/02 Open
Friday through Sunday.
·
May be open
Mondays and Thursdays when weather is not a factor
·
12/29/02 Road
closes for full parking lot at 1:30.
·
1/10/03 PDA
operates shuttle $5 leaves PA at 9:00 and 11:30
·
1/24/03 Closed
Thursday 56 inches at stake 2.5 inches new. Parking Full Sunday.
·
1/30/03 Closed
Thursday 61 inches at stake
·
2/7/03 50 inch
snow pack, Continued warm weather
·
2/21/03 Closed
last Saturday but open on Sunday and Monday
·
2/28/03 Due to
low skier numbers, snow bus has been halted.
·
3/7/03 Don’t
expect the Ridge road to open this weekend.
Road was closed Thursday due to high avalanche danger and winter storm
warning.
·
3/21/03 80 inches
of snow after storms. Road was closed
Thursday. Snow bus is back online for
expected crowd.
·
3/28/03. Road was closed Thursday.
·
Beginning April
12 road will be open based on weather and road conditions.
·
Hurricane Ridge
field trips for 5th graders delivers anti-drug message
·
Estimate $1.71m
collected from visitor fees Park wide
·
40,115 visits,
($8.65/visitor) 95 inches of snow
2003-04
·
11/20/03 Park
tries to keep the road open Friday through Sunday.
·
No more gates?
·
Road open as
weather allows except Tuesday and Wednesday
·
$133 million
total direct travel spending in Clallam
County
·
12/19/03 Ridge
was closed Thursday due to 8 foot drifts
·
1/2/03 Open
Thursday
·
1/16/04 Ridge was
open Thursday 95 people took the snow bus last weekend.
·
1/23/04 55 people
took the bus on Saturday
·
1/30/04 record 60
bus riders on Saturday and 51 Sunday.
“It’s a wonderful thing that the service is there. It helps reduce congestion at the parking
lot. It’s good for the Park. It’s good for people who get stuck at the
entrance station. It’s a good deal all
the way around,” said Janis Burger. Barb
Maynes: “It’s very positive. It’s really
a great benefit.” Road was closed
Thursday as crews plowed for the weekend.
·
2/5/04 Ridge was
close Thursday for staff training.
Closed early last Saturday for weather conditions.
·
2/13/04 Road open
Thursday
·
3/4/04 HR Ridge
road to be closed in April.
·
3/10/04 Agreement
with city keeps road open in April Thursdays-Sundays as all season.
·
3/16/04 “As long
as I can I will try to keep as many places of Olympic National Park open
forever,” Bill Laitner
- 12,758 visits in April or $1,046,156 @ $82 per
visitor.
·
40,812 visits, 96
inches of snow
2004-05
- Road open Friday through Sunday.
·
ONP gets 5%
funding increase
·
No snow year.
·
Bus operates 9:00
and 11:30 $5.
·
1/18/05 PT
teenager survives avalanche slide at Hurricane Ridge 120x200 8”-40” crown.
·
Total Park
·
29,142 visits, 0
inches of snow on March 15, then 40” of snow fell
2005-06
·
Road open Fridays
through Sundays.
·
Total Park
·
Bus operates 9:00
and 11:30 $5.
·
35,947 visits,
124 inches of snow
2006-07
- 10/23/06 Park officials lament declining
visitation
- 11/20/06 Road open Fridays through Sundays.
- Parking no longer allowed along roadside east of
parking lot.
- 12/5/06 $97 million Alternative Transportation in
the Parks and Public Lands Bill passed
- “Ski bus is a great value and I urge all
Hurricane Ridge visitors to consider using it. Not only will you avoid the challenge of
driving on snow and ice, you’ll eliminate the bother of looking for a
parking space”- Bill Laitner
- Snow bus in question, but finally implemented
with city gas money and volunteer drivers for ski school weekends only.
- 1/8/07 Avalanche blocks road 9.5 miles from
visitor center
- 32,525 visits, 180” of snow.
- 11/22/07 Fridays through Sundays.
- No snow bus.
- Lost skier survives Ridge blizzard
- Four feet of snow fell on Hurricane Ridge over
the weekend. Although much plowing was done, road was unable to
open.
- 29,575 visits.
- 140” of snow
2008-2009
27,018
V. Summary of visitation statistics
Using the Park’s own 2000 study, the average visitor
spends $82 in direct spending. Restoring
winter visitation to pre 2003 levels, averaging 55,978 visits from January
through April would bring in nearly $2 million in additional direct spending.
Changes in access policy have directly impacted
visits.
- Pre 1992 the road was
open every day, with three gates located below the visitor center.
- From 1993-1999, the road
was plowed for three days, but open as weather and staffing permitted at
least three other days. The gates
were in effect. Visits averaged 54,733.
- Record snowfall in 1999
closed the road for most of the winter.
For 2000-2002 was a re-emphasis on keeping the road open throughout
the week, with a second road crew available. Those years recorded the 2nd,
3rd, and 4th highest visitation numbers averaging
62,979.
- For 2003 and 2004 the
road was open Friday and Monday if conditions allowed and visits fell to
an average of 36,690.
- 2005 to the present the
road is only open Friday through Sunday with the gate locked at Heart o’
the Hills regardless of weather or road conditions. This period has seen the fewest visits
yet, averaging only 32,682, despite excellent snow conditions.
- While not able to confirm
this, it appears that reduced access during the week contributes to
delayed openings on the scheduled open days, which further discourages
visitation.
VI. Olympic National Park Winter Road Maintenance
A
south to north survey of Park access roads indicate that very few are
maintained during winter.
Staircase
–closed Forest Service
Dose-
closed Forest Service
Deer
Park-closed
Hurricane
Hill, Obstruction Point -closed
Elwha-
open 5 miles to dam, 10 if Whiskey Bend is plowed. Snowfall 2-3 weeks at most.
Lake
Crescent- DOT and county.
Sol
Duc- closed
Ozette-
county. 1 mile inside Park. Snowfall 2-3 weeks at most.
Mora-
2 miles inside Park. Snowfall 2-3 weeks at most.
La
Push- county
Hoh-
closed past three years, 6 miles at most when open. Snowfall 2-3 weeks at most.
Quinault-
5 miles of North Shore
The
total miles of maintained in winter roads in ONP is not appreciably more than
other National Parks. Mount Rainer,
Glacier, Yosemite, Lassen, North Cascades, Yellowstone
spend large amounts of money plowing roads for spring openings. The argument that Olympic winter maintenance
costs are higher than other Parks does not hold water.
Paradise, MRNP, WA: 5,400’ 177” average snow. Open
7 days a week. 18 miles of road from
Nisqually Entrance (2023’) to Paradise . May open late due to plowing. 2.5 hours from Seattle
Yellowstone NP, WY: 7,000’ 29 miles of road plowed
in winter from Cooke
City Sylvan
Pass. North America . 104,000 total winter
visits.
Yosemite NP, CA: 7,200’, Badger Pass Tioga
Pass
Glacier NP, MT 3,200’ elevation. 10 miles of dead end road from West Entrance
to Lake McDonald Lodge. $1.5 million
est. annual cost for GTTS clearing and repair.
43,726 visits Jan-April
Lassen NP, CA:
6,700’ 105” average snow. New $8.5m Kohn
Yoh Mah Nee visitor center open 7 days a week year round. Lassen tracks visits by weekend/weekday and
gets more weekday visits in the months of January to April. GMP- winterization of facilities to allow day
use in winter. 30,000 Jan-April
visits.
Sequoia NP, CA: 7,200 feet. 160” snow. General’s Highway
between SNP and KCNP 26 miles open 7 days a week. Increased funding in 1984 allowed for 7 day a
week access. Road may close between Wuksachi Village Pear Lake
Teton NP WY 6,300’ elevation. 29 miles of dead end road from Moran to Flagg
Ranch to service 12,931 visitors to
south YNP. 13,023 xc skiers in NP
North Cascades NP, WA: Open 7 days a
week. WA DOT plows Hwy 20 to MP
135. Five miles of Hwy 20 is closed for
the winter. 170 visits
VII.
Meetings with Park personnel have raised questions.
General Questions
- How does Hurricane Ridge
fit into international, national, regional, and local winter recreation
opportunities? What is the National
Park vision of Hurricane Ridge?
- The Management Plan for
Hurricane Ridge says crosscountry and snowshoe use will be
encouraged. What does that mean?
- Why is Olympic the only
western high elevation park with weekend only access?
- Why isn’t visitor access
a first level priority for the estimated $2.5 million collected in
entrance fees?
- Why is reducing the deferred
maintenance backlog incompatible with increased winter access?
- To what degree has the
public been invited to provide input on Hurricane Ridge winter
management? Could a Hurricane Ridge
management plan be prepared similar to
- What efforts have been
made to work cooperatively with other local governments (City, County, and
State)?
- What promotional efforts
are made to attract outside visitors?
Is it appropriate to partner with local groups such as the PA
Regional Chamber of Commerce to promote winter activities in the Park?
Safety questions
- What are the risk factors
at Hurricane Ridge? Are there ways to mitigate risk and still maintain
access?
- Is there a best practice
manual for the National Park system law enforcement? How does this relate to other similar
law enforcement agencies? For
example, what are the law enforcement criteria for National Forest lands? Why are they different?
- What does the staff do on
scheduled open days that get closed due to unsafe conditions? Can those days be put in a
"bank" and used later in the season?
- What is the minimum
number of patrol personnel required to safely operate
- What happens in the event
of a law enforcement or search and rescue incident in the Hurricane Ridge
ranger district or elsewhere in the Park during the week?
- With avalanches over the
road one of the known risks, what records are taken of avalanche
conditions and reports to better predict avalanche behavior?
- Could volunteers perform
many of the duties that are currently performed by Rangers? Specifically parking, snow play area
patrol, interpretive, snow shoe walks, possibly others?
- Is intermittent use
safer?
- What level of risk is
acceptable to provide access to wilderness? The National Park system is one of the
last defenders of wilderness. Risk
is implied in the various definitions of wilderness. Why is the level of acceptable risk at
Hurricane Ridge different than
Road Clearing
- Drifting snow is one
threat to keeping the road clear.
The worst area of drifting occurs at the “Slot” and above. Is it
possible to close the road at one or more points below that see limited
drifting?
- Does intermittent operation save
money? If so how much?
- How much winter
maintenance does the road crew do on other park roads? How does this
mileage compare to other western high elevation parks?
- Who plows the south shore
Quinault road? Could
- What happens when a
weather event closes another park road during the week?
- How can it be illegal for
the county to cooperate with plowing when they already plow up to
- How often per year does
an avalanche run to the road?
- How often per year does a
tree fall across other Park roads?
- Does the above picture
show an effective use of resources?
If that were a Wal-mart parking lot in the
- Why is there such a
difference between acceptable levels of maintenance between National Park
and National Forest? From Forest
Service website:
“Roads to Sno-Parks and other winter destinations may
be plowed periodically. The typical standard for higher elevation, unpaved
roads is single-lane with turnouts and a 2-inch cushion of snow/ice on the
roadway to protect the gravel surface. Most Roads are not patrolled, so be
careful so you do not become stuck.”
- Is it possible to have a
weekday standard that is different than a weekend standard?
- Is it possible to develop
standards so that the road is open unless more than 6 inches of snow
accumulated, avalanche hazard is HIGH, or winds above 20 mph as an
example?
- Last fall there were
discussions of expanding the parking by plowing further west. Why isn’t that implemented?
- What about using snow to
create a snowfence to keep that area clear?
Public Transportation
- Over the past 20 years
public transportation to Hurricane Ridge has undergone several iterations
and false starts. Why hasn’t there
been a consistent effort to promote public transportation?
- Why did ONP not apply for
$100m in federal transportation grant money when it was announced in 2006?
- What happened after 2004,
when the PDA operated bus was receiving record ridership?
- What is the current
status of Public Transportation grants?
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